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Liste de blocageadministrators (basic) La liste de blocage est une des mesure de Sécurité qui peut être prise pour protéger votre wiki des envois indésirés. la liste de blocage par défaut est uniquement activée dans la version beta; pas dans la version stable, voir (en anglais) Archive.Blocklist?
Malheureusement, la possibilité d'édition ouverte à tous de nombreux wiki en fait des cibles attirante pour les "link spam" ou "wikispam", en ajoutant des liens dans les pages dans un effort pour améliorer le référencement de certains sites ou renvoyer le trafic vers d'autres sites. Aussi, beaucoup de spammeurs de liens ont développé des systèmes automatisés pour identifier les sites acceptant une édition par des visiteurs et tender d'inonder le site avec des liens indésirés. Aussi, ce qui est plus difficile à contrôler, est simplement le vandalisme wiki ou des modifications sans objet sont faites, souvent en remplacant des pages entières. La meilleure solution pour bloquer le wikispam est de restreindre l'édition par l'utilisation de mots de passe (voir Mots de passe et Administration des mots de passe). L'expérience montre que les mots de passes peuvent être efficace même si le mot de passe est largement diffusé, et m^me si le mot de passe est publiquement disponible sur le site lui-même. Cependant, il y a de nombreux cas ou les mots de passes peuvent être gênants, aussi on souhaite utiliser une forme de liste de blocage. Base d'une liste de blocage (Blocklist)A blocklist is a list of IP addresses, phrases, and expressions which are prevented from being added into pages on the website. PmWiki is distributed with a built-in blocklisting capability; blocklists can be enabled by adding the following line to local/config.php: $EnableBlocklist = 1;
This tells PmWiki to scan the SiteAdmin.Blocklist? page and the "SiteAdmin.Blocklist-Farm" page (and possibly other pages -- see below) looking for phrases and IP addresses to be excluded from posting to the site. Blocking by word or phraseThe simplest form of block is simply a line containing " block:spam.com
in SiteAdmin.Blocklist will block any posts containing the string "spam.com" (case-insensitive) anywhere in the post. Blocking by IP addressSometimes we wish to restrict posts coming from particular addresses or address ranges that are known as sources of wikispam. If a blocklist page contains IP addresses of the form "a.b.c.d" or "a.b.c.*", then any posts coming from that address or range will be blocked. To find an author's IP address, try hovering the mouse over the author name in the page history for a page.
Blocking by regular expression or patternBlocking on simple words can sometimes pose difficulties; for example, a simple " block:/\bcial\b/
This says to block "cial" only if it doesn't occur in the middle of a larger word. The leading slash (/) after "block:" tells PmWiki to use a regular expression match instead of a simple string match. (Blocklist uses PCRE or "Perl Compatible Regular Expressions"; see http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php for more information.) Letting authors know why they've been blockedBy default, blocklist only tells an author that a particular edit has been blocked, but doesn't give a specific reason for the blocking (e.g., the offending phrase). Setting the following in a local customization file will also provide the reasons for the block: $EnableWhyBlocked = 1;
Managing multiple blocklistsPmWiki allows blocklist entries to come from multiple pages by setting the $BlocklistPages = array('Main.Blocklist', 'PmWikiFr.Blocklist');
The order of blocklists really doesn't matter -- all of the blocklist
pages ultimately get used, and the Automatically downloaded blocklistsMaintaining blocklists is relatively easy to do, but can become tedious over time. Several groups have formed and maintain "shared blocklists", where a common blocklist is made available to all. PmWiki's blocklist capability has built-in features for automatically downloading and updating such shared blocklists. If you're just in a hurry to make use of some standard blocklists, make the following setting in local/config.php: $EnableBlocklist = 10;
This tells PmWiki to not only enable blocklists on the site, but to also configure itself to automatically retrieve and maintain local copies of well-known blocklists such as chongqed.org and MoinMaster. These local copies will be saved in SiteAdmin.Blocklist-Chonged and SiteAdmin.Blocklist-MoinMaster and refreshed once per day (as determined by the value of To automatically retrieve the SiteAdmin.Blocklist? page used at pmwiki.org, add the following setting in local/config.php: $BlocklistDownload["$SiteAdminGroup.Blocklist-PmWiki"] = array('format' => 'pmwiki');
Ignoring specific entries in a blocklist (unblock)When using a large master blocklist or blocklists automatically refreshed from external sites, it may be that some entries in the blocklists are inappropriate or overeager and block legitimate content. In this case a wikiadministrator can use "unblock" in a blocklist page to ignore an entry from the blocklist. For example, to allow "spam.com" even if another blocklist has a block entry for it: unblock:spam.com
In order for unblocking to work the phrase or pattern following "unblock:" must be exactly the same as the original. Permissions on blocklist pagesIn general, an administrator will want to edit-protect the SiteAdmin.Blocklist and any other blocklist pages to prevent arbitrary changes to the blocklist (see Passwords). Since most pages in the SiteAdmin.* group are edit-protected by default anyway, this usually isn't a problem. Administrators may also wish to read-protect the various blocklist pages so that others do not know the exact phrases and/or IP addresses that are being blocked. (By their nature blocklists tend to contain phrases or terms that may be offensive or inappropriate to some.) Any pages created via automatic download (see above) are automatically locked against viewing except by administrators. administrators (intermediate) Detailed configuration of automatically downloaded blocklistsAutomatic downloading of blocklist information is controlled by the $BlocklistDownload["$SiteAdminGroup.Blocklist-MoinMaster"] = array(
'format' => 'regex',
'refresh' => 86400);
This says to download the blocklist data from the given url into the SiteAdmin.Blocklist-MoinMaster page, that the entries in the blocklist are regular expressions, and to refresh the information every 86,400 seconds (one day). If 'refresh' is omitted, then the page will be refreshed at the time interval given by To force a refresh of an automatically downloaded blocklist, simply delete the existing page -- a new version will be installed upon the next blocklist scan. Blocklist pages are checked for download in response to any ?action=edit request. If you are specifying your Blocklist-Pages in the config.php you have to specify the automatically updated pages too, else they won't be updated or created even if you use Farm-wide blocklistA blocklist can be applied farm-wide (see SharedPages). After these pages are created they can be moved into the farm shared.d/ directory: Blocklist Variables<< | Variables | >> The following variables help control the configuration and operation of blocklists:
# Download the MoinMaster blocklist every twelve hours
$BlocklistDownload["$SiteAdminGroup.Blocklist-MoinMaster"] = array(
'url' => 'http://moinmaster.wikiwikiweb.de/BadContent?action=raw',
'format' => 'regex',
'refresh' => 43200);
# Download a shared blocklist from pmwiki.org every day
$BlocklistDownload["$SiteAdminGroup.Blocklist-Shared"] = array(
'format' => 'pmwiki');
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Traduction de PmWiki.Blocklist
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